Although the oxygenation index was applied in assessment of hypoxemia (12, 21), PaO2 requires an invasive operation and cannot be monitored in real time
Although the oxygenation index was applied in assessment of hypoxemia (12, 21), PaO2 requires an invasive operation and cannot be monitored in real time. were significantly higher in severe and critically ill patients than those in moderate patients. The levels of cytokines, including IL-6, IL2R, IL-8, and TNF-, were also higher in the critical patients. Incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the severely and critically ill group was 23.0% (99/431). Sixty-one patients underwent invasive mechanical ventilation. The correlation Edaravone (MCI-186) between SpO2/FiO2 and PaO2/FiO2 was confirmed, and the cut-off value of SpO2/FiO2 related to survival was 134.43. The mortality of patients with low SpO2/FiO2 ( 134.43) at intubation was higher than that of patients with high Edaravone (MCI-186) SpO2/FiO2 ( 134.43) (72.7 vs. 33.3%). Among critical patients, the application rates of glucocorticoid therapy, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and anticoagulation treatment reached 55.2% (238/431), 7.2% (31/431), and 37.1% (160/431), respectively. Among the intubated patients, the application rates of glucocorticoid therapy, CRRT, and anticoagulation treatment were respectively 77.0% (47/61), 54.1% (33/61), and 98.4% Edaravone (MCI-186) (60/61). Conclusion: No vaccines or specific antiviral drugs for COVID-19 have been shown to be sufficiently safe and effective to date. Comprehensive treatment including ventilatory support, multiple organ function preservation, glucocorticoid use, renal replacement therapy, anticoagulation, and restrictive fluid management was the main treatment strategy. Early recognition and intervention, multidisciplinary collaboration, multi-organ function support, and personalized treatment might be the key for reducing mortality. 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Role of the Funding Source The corresponding authors had full access to all the data of the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. Results From February 9 to March 9, 2020, a total of 675 patients with moderate disease and 431 severely or critically ill COVID-19 patients were admitted to the Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital (designated hospital for severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients). The overall mortality was 5.2% (58/1106), the mortality of severe and critically ill patients was 10.4% (45/431), and the mortality for critically ill patients was 39.6% (42/106) (Supplementary Table 6). Demographics and Baseline Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients As shown in Table 1, the Edaravone (MCI-186) severely ill patients (median age 65 years, range 23C92) were older than the patients with moderate disease (61 years, range 18C95). Of the 675 patients with moderate disease, 304 were male (45.0%), and 371 were female (55.0%). Of the 431 severely and critically ill patients, 220 were male (51.0%) and 211 were female (49.0%). The percentage of patients with preexisting conditions, including Rabbit Polyclonal to TNAP1 hypertension, diabetes, and chronic pulmonary disease among the severely and critically ill patients was higher than in patients with moderate disease [145 (33.6%) vs. 191 (28.3%), 80 (18.6%) vs. 90 (13.3%), 39 (9.0%) vs. 40 (5.9%)]. Table 1 Baseline characteristics of COVID-2019 patients enrolled in this study. = 1,106)= 675)= 431)= 431)= 48)= 383)(NT-proBNP), pg/ml145.00 [59.00, 451.00]774.50 [302.75, 2718.50]127.00 [54.00, 346.00] 0.001Infection related indiceshs-CRP, mg/L21.15 [2.92, 71.57]87.60 [54.95, 141.88]14.90 [2.50, 61.92] 0.001ESR, mm/h28.00 [13.00, 47.75]33.50 [18.25, 54.75]26.00 [13.00, 45.75]0.298Serum ferritin, ug/L638.20 [326.60, 1047.20]1204.10 [806.35, 2127.43]480.40 [282.40, 792.80] 0.001IL-6, pg/ml5.79 [2.43, 20.10]32.33 [16.39, 64.16]4.81 [2.16, 13.80] 0.001IL-1, pg/ml4.90 [4.90, 4.90]4.90 [4.90, 6.07]4.90 [4.90, 4.90]0.202IL2R, U/ml589.00 [397.00, 917.00]964.00 [594.75, 1376.50]563.00 [384.00, 825.50] 0.001IL-8, pg/ml12.60 [7.50, 22.50]22.05 [15.18, 38.70]11.80 [7.10, 20.90] 0.001IL-10, pg/ml4.90 [4.90, 5.10]6.75 [4.90, 10.05]4.90 [4.90, 4.90] 0.001TNF-, pg/ml8.80 [6.30, 11.50]10.80 [7.98, 14.18]8.50 [6.20, 11.15]0.002Procalcitonin, ng/ml0.08 [0.06, 0.17]0.21 [0.14, 0.41]0.07 [0.06, 0.13] 0.001 Open in a separate window = 56)= 44)= 12) /th th rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ /th /thead Demographic characteristicsAge- yr69 (62.8C80.3)70 (63.8C81)66 (60.8C71.5)0.174Age 6538 (67.9)31 (70.5)7 (58.3)0.32GenderCFemale14 (25)13 (29.5)1 (8.3)0.13Personal historySmoking.